General Safety Regulation, Alta. Reg. 448/1983

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AR 448/83 General Safety
(Consolidated up to 210/2000)

     ALBERTA REGULATION 448/83

     Occupational Health and Safety Act

     GENERAL SAFETY REGULATION



     INTERPRETATION

1(1)  In this Regulation,

     (a)  "acceptance" means a written instrument issued pursuant to
section 9, and "acceptable" has a corresponding meaning;

     (b)  "Act" means the Occupational Health and Safety Act;

     (c)  "approved", in relation to a type of equipment and a named
organization or standard, means of a description that is approved or
certified by that organization as meeting those standards or specifications
of the organization that are applicable to that type of equipment, or,
where applicable, the named standard;

     (d)  "building shaft" means an enclosed vertical opening of a
building or structure extending to 2 or more floors or levels, and includes
an elevator, ventilation, stairwell or service shaft;

     (e)  "CSA" means the Canadian Standards Association;

     (f)  "cantilever hoist" means a hoist in which the car travels on
rails which are generally an integral part of a vertical mast and in a
vertical plane out-board from the mast;

     (g)  "competent", in relation to a worker, means adequately
qualified, suitably trained and with sufficient experience, safely to
perform work that is the subject-matter of the relevant provision of this
Regulation without or with only a minimal degree of supervision;

     (h)  "designated signaller" means a worker designated to give
signals pursuant to section 17(1);

     (i)  "equipment" means any man-made device or anything used to equip
workers at a work site, and includes machinery and sanitary facilities;

     (j)  "fall arresting device" means personal protective equipment
which provides a means of arresting the fall of a worker and which,
subsequent to the arrest of the fall, does not by itself permit the further
release or lowering of the worker;

     (k)  "hand tool" means hand held equipment whose use is dependent on
the energy of the worker for its direct effect and which does not have any
hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical or chemical energy source for its
operation;

     (l)  "harmful substance" means a substance which by its nature,
application or presence creates or could create a danger to the health or
safety of any worker who is exposed to it;

     (m)  "locked out" means in a condition that prevents the movement of
a control device to the operating or "ON" position by means of a lockout
device comprising a mechanism or arrangement that maintains the control
device in a non-operating or "OFF" position;

     (n)  "machinery" means any combination of mechanical parts that
transmits from one part to another or otherwise modifies force, motion or
energy that arises from hydraulic, pneumatic, chemical or electrical
reactions;

     (o)  "manufacturer's rated capacity" means the maximum capacity,
speed, load, depth of operation or working pressure, as the case may be,
recommended by the specifications of the manufacturer of equipment for the
operation of the equipment under the circumstances prevailing at the time
of operation;

     (p)  "manufacturer's specifications" means the written
specifications, instructions or recommendations, if any, of the
manufacturer of equipment, which outline the manner in which the equipment
is to be erected, installed, assembled, started, operated, used, handled,
stored, stopped, adjusted, maintained, repaired or dismantled, and includes
a manufacturer's instruction, operating or maintenance manual or drawings
for that equipment;

     (p.1)     "personal fall arresting system" means personal protective
equipment consisting of an assembly of subsystems and components used to
arrest a fall of a worker and may contain some or all of the following:

               (i)  an independent anchorage point;

               (ii) a lanyard, lifeline or static line;

               (iii)     a harness or safety belt;

               (iv) a fall arrester;

               (v)  a shock absorber;

               (vi) a safety net;

               (vii)     connectors.

     (q)  "personal protective equipment" means equipment or clothing
worn by a worker to protect him from health or safety hazards associated
with working conditions or a work site, and includes a fall arresting
device;

     (r)  "pipeline" has the meaning assigned to it by the Pipeline Act;

     (s)  "powered mobile equipment" means self-propelled machinery
designed to carry, push, pull, dig, compact, lift, stack, tier or move
materials or to provide a work platform for workers;

     (t)  "professional engineer" means a person who holds a certificate
of registration to engage in the practice of engineering, geology or
geophysics, as the case may be, under the Engineering, Geological and
Geophysical Professions Act and is a member or licensee in good standing of
the Association of Professional Engineers, Geologists and Geophysicists of
Alberta;

     (u)  "specifications", in relation to a professional engineer or an
employer, includes the written instructions, procedures, drawings or other
documentation of a professional engineer or employer or certified by a
professional engineer and relating to equipment or a work process or
operation;

     (v)  "tower crane" means a crane using wire rope which raises and
lowers a load and moves a load horizontally by means of a carriage or a
trolley travelling on a jib or boom that slews about the vertical axis of a
mast;

     (w)  "tunnel" means an underground passage having an incline of not
more than 45 degrees from the horizontal;

     (x)  "underground shaft" means an underground passage having an
incline of 45 degrees or more from the horizontal and which is used
primarily for the transportation of workers or materials, and includes a
drilled or bored pile or caisson;

     (y)  "vehicle" means a device, including powered mobile equipment,
in, on or by which a person or thing may be transported or drawn;

     (z)  "work area" means a place on a work site where a worker is or
may be during his work or during a work break.

(2)  References in this Regulation to lumber shall be construed in
accordance with section 25.

(3)  Where a provision of this Regulation applies to a mine or a quarry and
refers to a Director of Inspection, then, in its application to the mine or
quarry, that reference shall be deemed to be a reference to the Director of
Mines Inspection.
     AR 448/83 s1;34/95


     PART 1

     GENERAL PROVISIONS

     Application

2(1)  Where a provision of this Regulation imposes a duty on an employer or
worker, the duty shall be treated as applying to circumstances and things
that are within the employer or worker's area of occupational
responsibility.

(2)  Where

     (a)  a provision of this Regulation imposes a duty on an employer
with respect to the design, construction, erection or installation of
equipment, and

     (b)  the equipment is erected or installed by or on behalf of a
principal contractor,

then, notwithstanding that this Regulation imposes the duty on the
employer, that principal contractor shall comply with the provision as if
the provision were directly imposed on a principal contractor.

(3)  Where

     (a)  a provision of this Regulation imposes a duty on an employer or
a principal contractor with respect to the erection, installation or
provision of any equipment, harmful substance or hazardous material, and

     (b)  the equipment, substance or material is erected, installed or
provided by a supplier

then, notwithstanding that this Regulation imposes the duty on the employer
or principal contractor, that supplier shall comply with the provision as
if the provision were directly imposed on a supplier.

(4)  Subsections (2) and (3) do not relieve an employer or principal
contractor from any responsibility under this Regulation.
     AR 448/83 s2


     Principal Contractors

3   Where operations are undertaken at a work site involving 2 or more
employers responsible to a principal contractor who is not personally
present at the work site, the principal contractor shall in writing
designate a person at the work site to ensure, on behalf of the principal
contractor, that section 2(5) of the Act is complied with.
     AR 448/83 s3


     Availability of Equipment

4   Where a provision of this Regulation requires that a worker perform an
activity using or wearing equipment that is specified by the provision, his
employer shall ensure that there is available at the work site all the
equipment that is necessary to enable him to perform the activity in
accordance with that provision.
     AR 448/83 s4


     Manufacturers' and Professional
     Engineers' Specifications

5   Where this Regulation requires work to be done in accordance with a
manufacturer's specifications or specifications of or covered by the
certification of a professional engineer, an employer shall ensure that the
workers responsible for the work are made aware of the existence and
purport of those specifications.
     AR 448/83 s5


6(1)  Where a provision of this Regulation requires anything to be done in
accordance with a manufacturer's specifications, an employer may, instead
of complying strictly with the manufacturer's specifications, comply with
those specifications as modified, provided that the modification has been
certified by a professional engineer.

(2)  Where anything concerning equipment is required by this Regulation to
be done in accordance with manufacturer's specifications which cannot be
ascertained, an employer shall instead

     (a)  have the equipment certified by a professional engineer at
least every 12 months, or

     (b)  have a written schedule of procedures, designed to ensure that
the thing is done in a safe manner, certified by a professional engineer.

(3)  Where

     (a)  a provision of this Regulation requires anything to be done in
accordance with a manfacturer's specifications or, in the absence of such
specifications, the corresponding specifications of a professional
engineer, and

     (b)  no such manufacturer's specifications on the relevant
subject-matter exist,

the employer shall employ a professional engineer to prescribe his
specifications on the subject-matter.
     AR 448/83 s6


     Availability of Specifications

7   Where a provision of this Regulation refers to a manufacturer's or
employer's specifications or specifications of or certified by a
professional engineer, the employer shall ensure that during the material
period the specifications are kept readily available for inspection by an
officer and workers affected by them.
     AR 448/83 s7


     Use of Copies of Original Specifications

8   Where a provision of this Regulation requires the availability for
inspection by an officer or by workers of a manunfacturer's or employer's
specifications or specifications of or certified by a professional
engineer, the availability of a legible copy of those specifications is
sufficient if the original is also available for inspection by an officer
in Alberta.
     AR 448/83 s8


     Acceptances

9(1)  Where

     (a)  a provision of this Regulation requires the use of a particular
type of equipment or the following of a particular work procedure, 

     (b)  an employer applies to a Director for an acceptance to permit
the alternative type of equipment or procedure, and

     (c)  the Director is of the opinion that the alternative type of
equipment or procedure would give equal or greater protection to the
workers whose protection is sought than the equipment or procedure
specifically provided for in that provision,

the Director may issue in writing an acceptance permitting the application
of the alternative instead of the specified equipment or procedure.

(2)  Where

     (a)  a provision of this Regulation requires approval under or
compliance with a particular code or standard,

     (b)  an employer applies to a Director for an acceptance to permit
an alternative code or standard, and

     (c)  the Director is of the opinion that the alternative code or
standard would give equal or greater protection to the workers whose
protection is sought than the code or standard specifically provided for in
that provision,

the Director may issue in writing an acceptance permitting the application
of the alternative instead of the specified code or standard.

(3)  The Director may impose such conditions in an acceptance as he thinks
fit, in which case the person obtaining the acceptance shall comply with
those conditions.

(4)  The application for the acceptance must provide such specific details
about the equipment, procedure, code or standard as are necessary to enable
the Director to ascertain the degree of protection to workers afforded by
it.

(5)  The employer shall ensure that a copy or a record of an acceptance
issued under subsection (1) or (2) is

     (a)  posted at the work site,

     (b)  where applicable, affixed to or kept with the equipment forming
the subject-matter of the acceptance, or

     (c)  otherwise communicated to the workers who may be affected by
the acceptance.
     AR 448/83 s9;34/95


     Identification of Approval on Equipment

10   Where this Regulation requires equipment to be approved by a named
organization, an employer shall ensure that the equipment also has the
seal, stamp, logo or similar identifying mark of that organization affixed
to it as indicating the approval.
     AR 448/83 s10


     Certification by a Professional Engineer

11   Where a provision of this Regulation requires that equipment,
procedures, drawings or specifications are to be certified by a
professional engineer, the certification shall

     (a)  be in writing,

     (b)  bear the professional engineer's stamp and signature, and

     (c)  except where this Regulation requires the certification to
state something specific, express or be treated as implying that the
equipment, procedure or the subject-matter of the drawings or
specifications is safe to workers affected by it.
     AR 448/83 s11


     Posting of Orders and Notices

12(1)  An employer shall, forthwith after receiving it, post in a
conspicuous place at a work site a copy of

     (a)  an order made under the Act that is relevant to the work site
or the employer's workers, or

     (b)  a health or safety notice prepared by or for a Director
concerning conditions or procedures at the work site.

(2)  The employer shall keep an order referred to in subsection (1)(a)
posted for 10 working days or until such later time as the conditions
specified in the order are met.

(3)  An employer shall keep a health or safety notice referred to in
subsection (1)(b) posted for the minimum period of time specified in the
notice and at all further times when workers have access to the work site
and until the notice ceases to be applicable to that site.

(4)  Notwithstanding anything in this section, where the work site is
mobile and posting is impracticable, the employer shall ensure that the
information contained in the order or notice is circulated to or otherwise
brought to the attention of all the workers working at that work site.
     AR 448/83 s12


     Notification to Director

13   Where a provision of this Regulation requires notification to be given
to a Director, the notification must be by the quickest practical means of
communicating with him.
     AR 448/83 s13


     Direction and Instruction of Workers

14(1)  In this section, "direct supervision" means a relationship between a
competent worker and a worker who is not competent whereby

     (a)  there is personal and continuous visual supervision of the
worker who is not competent by the competent worker, and

     (b)  the two workers are readily and clearly able to communicate
with each other.

(2)  Where work is to be done which may endanger any worker,

     (a)  the employer shall ensure that the work is done only by a
competent worker or by a worker who is not competent working under the
direct supervision of a competent worker, and

      (b) no worker who is not competent, other than one who is operating
under the direct supervision of a competent worker, shall do the work.

(3)  Where an employer develops a code of practice or other procedures or
measures pursuant to this Regulation, he shall ensure that all workers who
are to be affected by the code, procedures or measures are made familiar
with them before they commence the work process involving them.

(4)  Where a worker is or may be dependent for his health or safety on
personal protective or other equipment whose availability for his
protection his employer is required to ensure, the employer shall ensure
that the worker has received adequate training and has such knowledge of
and experience in the application, use and limitations of that equipment as
will allow the worker to use or operate the equipment in an effective and
safe manner.
     AR 448/83 s14


     Working Alone

14.1(1)  In this section, "to work alone" means to work alone at a work
site in circumstances where assistance is not readily available in the
event of an injury, illness or emergency.

(2)  When a worker is required to work alone, the employer shall 

     (a)  first conduct a hazard assessment to identify existing or
potential hazards arising from the conditions and circumstances of the
worker's work, and

     (b)  establish an effective means of communication between the
worker and persons capable of responding to the worker's needs.

(3)  For the purposes of subsection (2)(b), "effective means of
communication" means radio, telephone or other electronic communication
device.

(4)  Notwithstanding subsection (2)(b), if an effective means of
communication is not practicable or readily available at the work site, the
employer shall

     (a)  visit the worker, or

     (b)  ensure the worker contacts the employer

at intervals of time appropriate to the nature of the hazards associated
with the worker's work.

(5)  In addition to conducting a hazard assessment under subsection (2)(a),
the employer shall conduct further hazard assessments at intervals of time
appropriate to the conditions and circumstances of the worker's work.

(6)  The employer shall take all reasonable steps

     (a)  to eliminate any hazard identified during a hazard assessment,
or

     (b)  to control any hazard identified during a hazard assessment if
it is not reasonably practicable to eliminate the hazard.

(7)  If practicable, the employer shall have the workers affected by a
hazard assessment participate

     (a)  in conducting the hazard assessment, and 

     (b)  in the elimination or control of any hazard identified during
the hazard assessment.

(8)  A hazard assessment must be in writing and be communicated to all
workers affected by the assessment.
     AR 210/2000 s2


     Identification of Known Safety Hazards

15   An employer shall ensure that a known safety hazard which

     (a)  cannot be readily controlled or eliminated, and

     (b)  has the potential for causing serious injury

is identified and brought to the attention of workers who may be exposed to
the hazard.
     AR 448/83 s15


     Maintenance of Equipment

16(1)  An employer shall ensure that all equipment used on a work site

     (a)  is maintained in a condition that will not compromise the
health or safety of workers using or transporting the equipment,

     (b)  will perform the function for which it is intended or was
designed,

     (c)  is of adequate strength for that purpose, and

     (d)  is free from patent defect.

(2)  Where a worker has equipment under his control that does not comply
with subsection (1), he shall forthwith remove it from service.
     AR 448/83 s16


     Signals

17(1)  In this section and section 18, "clearly distinguishable", in
reference to the wearing of vests, armlets or other clothing, means clearly
distinguishable and visible at a distance, having regard to the environment
in which the work is being conducted.

(2)  Where this Regulation requires the giving of signals by a designated
signaller, the employer shall designate a competent worker to give those
signals.

(3)  Where a signaller has been designated, an equipment operator shall not
take signals from any worker other than the designated signaller, except
where a "STOP" signal is given.

(4)  An employer shall ensure that

     (a)  where hand signals are used, the designated signaller has a
vest or armlets that are clearly distinguishable or some other means of
clearly identifying him,

     (b)  subject to clause (c), only 1 designated signaller gives
signals to an equipment operator at a time, and

     (c)  where signals cannot be transmitted properly between a
designated signaller and the operator, additional designated signallers are
available to effect proper transmission of the signals or some other means
of ensuring clear and complete communications is provided.

(5)  A designated signaller using hand signals shall wear the vest, armlets
or other means of identification referred to in subsection (4)(a) in a
manner that makes them clearly distinguishable.

(6)  Before giving a signal, a designated signaller shall ensure that no
hazards exist that endanger any workers.
     AR 448/83 s17


     Traffic Hazards

18(1)  Where there is a danger to workers from traffic, an employer shall
take appropriate measures to ensure that the workers are protected from
traffic hazards.

(2)  An employer shall ensure that

     (a)  workers who are on foot and who are exposed to traffic hazards
on travelled rural roads or on urban streets wear vests or alternative
clothing that is clearly distinguishable, and

     (b)  where a designated signaller is used to control traffic, the
signaller

               (i)  wears a vest or armlets that are clearly
distinguishable, and

               (ii) during hours of darkness or conditions of poor
visibility, uses a flashlight or other signal light.

(3)  Where the work is done during hours of darkness or conditions of poor
visibility,

     (a)  the vests or armlets referred to in subsection (2), and

     (b)  components of the alternative clothing referred to in
subsection (2)(a), must be reflective.

(4)  Where the operator of a vehicle does not have a clear view of the path
to be travelled on a work site, he shall not proceed until he receives a
signal from a designated signaller who has a clear view of the path to be
travelled.
     AR 448/83 s18


     Illumination

19(1)  An employer shall ensure that the illumination at a work site is
sufficient to enable work to be done safely.

(2)  Where failure of the normal lighting system would endanger workers,
the employer shall ensure that emergency lighting is available that will
generate sufficient dependable illumination to enable the workers to

     (a)  leave the work site in safety,

     (b)  initiate emergency shut-down procedures, or

     (c)  restore normal lighting.
     AR 448/83 s19


     Housekeeping

20   An employer shall ensure that

     (a)  each work site is kept clean and free from slipping and
tripping hazards, and

     (b)  waste and materials do not accumulate around equipment,
endangering workers or otherwise restricting safe access to or egress from
the equipment.
     AR 448/83 s20


     Falling Hazards

21(1)  An employer shall ensure that where it is possible for a worker to
fall a vertical distance greater than 3.5 metres from a temporary work area
or 1.2 metres from a permanent work area, the worker is protected from
falling by

     (a)  a guardrail around the work area,

     (b)  a safety net,

     (c)  a fall arresting device,

     (d)  a safety belt or harness securely attached to an anchor point,
or

     (e)  an alternative means of protection acceptable to a Director.

(2)  Subsection (1) does not apply

     (a)  where workers are engaged in the application of roofing
materials or repairs to a flat roof and are all competent in that work,

     (b)  where workers are engaged in connecting structural members of a
skeleton structure and are all competent in that work,

     (b.1)     where workers are engaged in loading or unloading operations at
a permanent work area where the vertical measurement for the purposes of
subsection (1) is less than 3.5 metres, or

     (c)   where any other provision of this Regulation prescribes a
particular means of protection.
     AR 448/83 s21;348/84


     Protection from Drowning

22(1)  In this section,

     (a)  "life jacket" means personal protective equipment capable of
supporting a person with the head above water in a face up position without
the direct effort of the person wearing the equipment.

     (b)  "personal flotation device" means personal protective equipment
capable of supporting a person with the head above water without the direct
effort of the person wearing the equipment.

(2)  An employer shall ensure that

     (a)  personal protective equipment referred to in subsection 22(1)
which is required by or used pursuant to this Regulation is constructed,
tested, approved and labelled in accordance with

               (i)  Canadian General Standards Board Standard Can
Z-65.7-M80 for approved small vessel life jackets, or

               (ii) Canadian General Standards Board Standard 65-GP-11
for personal flotation devices, type 1 (inherently buoyant),

          as the case may be, and

     (b)  where workers are transported by boat, a life jacket is worn by
each worker.

(3)  Notwithstanding subsection (2)(b), where workers perform work from a
boat for an extended period of time, personal flotation devices may be worn
by each worker if there is also a life jacket readily accessible to each
worker.
     AR 448/83 s22;348/84;34/95


23(1)  Where a worker is engaged in work where a fall other than from a
boat could result in his drowning, the employer shall ensure that the
worker

     (a)  wears a life jacket or personal flotation device,

     (b)  wears a safety belt and lifeline which would prevent a fall
into the water,

     (c)  is protected by a net, or

     (d)  is provided with other suitable measures to ensure the worker's
safety.

(2)  Notwithstanding subsection (1), where the danger to the worker is from
a fall into cold or fast moving water, the employer shall not rely on the
use of personal flotation devices to ensure safety of the worker.
     AR 448/83 s23;348/84


24   Where a worker is to work on ice and the water under the ice is more
than 1 metre in depth at any point, the employer shall make tests before
the commencement of the work and as often thereafter as is necessary to
ensure that the ice will support any load to be placed on it.
     AR 448/83 s24


     Lumber

25(1)  In this section, "lumber" includes wood.

(2)  Unless otherwise expressly stated, lumber sizes specified in this
Regulation are lumber sizes after dressing.

(3)  An employer shall ensure that where a provision of this Regulation
requires or permits the use of lumber, it is spruce or better and is number
2 grade or better, unless the provision otherwise provides.

(4)  Notwithstanding any provision of this Regulation that specifically
requires the use of a particular size, grade or quantity of lumber,
material that possesses equal or greater properties than those of the
lumber so specified may be used as an alternative to lumber of that
description unless there is a specific alternative stated in the provision.
     AR 448/83 s25


     Overhead Power Lines

26(1)  An employer shall ensure that no worker approaches and that no
equipment is operated, and no worker shall approach or operate equipment,
within 7 metres of a live overhead power line unless

     (a)  the worker is, or the operation is directed by, a competent
utility employee within the meaning of the Electrical Utility Regulations
(Alta. Reg. 44/76), or

     (b)  at least the following clearances, as set out in the following
table, are maintained between the worker or the equipment and the overhead
power line conductors:


     Safe Limit of Approach Distances from Overhead
     Power Lines for Persons and Equipment


    
Operating Voltage of Overhead Power Line Between Conductors
Safe Limit of Approach Distance for Persons and Equipment


0 - 750 V
Insulated or Polyethylene
Covered Conductors (1)

     300 mm


Above 750 V
Insulated Conductors (1)(2)

     1.0 m


0 - 40 kV
     3.0 m


69 kV, 72 kV
     3.5 m


138 kV, 144 kV
     4.0 m


230 kV, 240 kV
     5.0 m


500 kV
     7.0 m


NOTES:    (1) Conductors must be insulated or covered throughout their
entire length to comply with these groups.
               (2)  Conductors must be manufactured to rated and tested
insulation levels.


               (i) to (iii)   repealed AR 34/95 s5.

(2)  Repealed AR 34/95 s5
     AR 448/83 s26;34/95


     Sanitary Facilities

27   Sections 29 to 33 do not apply to

     (a)  a food establishment or other work site for which there are
specific regulations under the Public Health Act, or

     (b)  a mobile or temporary work site with a duration of not more
than 5 working days where arrangements for the use by the workers of local
toilet facilities have been made by the employer.
     AR 448/83 s27


28(1)  An employer shall ensure that an adequate supply of drinking fluids
is available at a work site.

(2)  At least a portion of the supply must be potable water.

(3)  Except where potable water is provided by a drinking fountain, the
employer shall ensure the provision of an adequate supply of single-use
drinking cups in a sanitary container located at the water supply outlet.

(4)  Where outlets exist for both potable water and non-potable fluids, the
employer shall ensure that the outlets for the potable water are clearly
labelled as such.
     AR 448/83 s28


29(1)  An employer shall ensure that a work site is provided with toilets
in accordance with this section.

(2)  Subject to this section, the minimum number of toilets to be provided
on a work site for members of each sex, based on the number of workers of
that sex on the work site, shall be in accordance with the following table:


     TABLE

     Number of workers   Minimum number of toilets
          of the sex          for that sex

           1 - 10             1
          11 - 25             2
          26 - 50             3
          51 - 75             4
          76 - 100            5
          over 100            6 plus 1 for each
                         additional 30
                         workers of the sex
                         over 100.

(3)  Where the total number of workers at any time on the work site does
not exceed 10, 1 toilet may be provided for use by both sexes if the toilet
is situated in a room whose entrance door is fitted on the inside with a
locking device.

(4)  Where more than 2 toilets are required for male workers, urinals may
be substituted for up to 2/3 of the required number of toilets.

(5)  Where only 2 toilets are required for male workers, 1 urinal may be
substituted for 1 of the toilets.

(6)  If the work site is connected to a public or municipal water main and
sanitary drainage system, the toilets must be connected in to that system.

(7)  If the work site is not connected to a public or municipal water main
and sanitary drainage system, the toilets may be self contained units or
connected to a septic tank.

(8)  An employer shall ensure that each toilet referred to in subsection
(7)

     (a)  is kept in a clean and sanitary condition,

     (b)  is so located that it is readily accessible to workers,

     (c)  has a supply of toilet paper, and

     (d)  in the case of a self contained unit, is emptied and serviced
at time intervals which ensure that the unit does not overflow.
     AR 448/83 s29


30(1)  Subject to this section, an employer shall ensure that at least 1
wash basin or hand cleaning facility is provided in a room containing 1
toilet or urinal, and at least 1 additional wash basin or hand cleaning
facility is provided for every 2 toilets or urinals in excess of 1.

(2)  Circular wash fountains may be provided instead of facilities required
by subsection (1).

(3)  Where a circular wash fountain is provided, each 500 millimetres of
its circumference count as the equivalent of 1 wash basin or hand cleaning
facility.

(4)  This section does not apply where the work site is not connected to a
public or municipal water main and sanitary drainage system.
     AR 448/83 s30

31   An employer shall ensure that

     (a)  each toilet compartment contains toilet paper,

     (b)  at each wash basin or hand cleaning facility there are

               (i)  hand cleaning agents, and

               (ii) single-use towels of cloth or paper or air hand
drying equipment,

     (c)  there is a covered receptacle for the disposal of sanitary pads
in each toilet compartment used by female employees, and

     (d)  each toilet, urinal, wash basin and shower is maintained in
operational condition.
     AR 448/83 s31


32   An employer shall ensure that changing rooms, lunch rooms and rooms in
which a toilet, wash basin or shower are situated are

     (a)  kept in a clean and sanitary condition, and

     (b)  not used for storing materials unless proper storage facilities
are provided.
     AR 448/83 s32


33   An employer shall not place unreasonable restrictions on a worker's
use of or access to any of the facilities required by sections 28 to 32.
     AR 448/83 s33


     PART 2

     GENERAL PROVISIONS RESPECTING MACHINERY

     General Safety Requirements

34(1)  An employer shall ensure that

     (a)  operational controls on machinery are

               (i)  designed, located or protected in such a manner as
to prevent unintentional activation, and

               (ii) where appropriate, suitably identified so as to
indicate the nature or function of each control mechanism;

     (b)  machinery is of sufficient size and strength and of an adequate
design and is made of suitable materials to withstand stresses to be
imposed on it during its operation and to perform the function for which it
is intended or was designed;

     (c)  the manufacturer's rated capacity or other limitations on the
operation of the machinery or any part of it, as set out in the
manufacturer's specifications or in any relevant specifications certified
by a professional engineer, are not exceeded;

     (d)  machinery is erected, installed, assembled, started, operated,
used, handled, stored, stopped, serviced, tested, adjusted, maintained,
repaired and dismantled in accordance with the manufacturer's
specifications or, where this Regulation so provides, the specifications of
a professional engineer.

(2)  An employer shall install a positive means of preventing a press,
punch, shear or similar machine from being activated where a worker is
required during the course of the work process to feed material into the
machine while any part of the worker's body is within the danger zone of
the machine.
     AR 448/83 s34


     Contact with Workers and Clothing

35   An employer shall ensure that where there is a possibility that a
worker or the worker's clothing might come into contact with moving parts
of machinery, the worker

     (a)  wears close fitting clothing,

     (b)  confines or cuts short his head and facial hair, and

     (c)  avoids wearing dangling neckwear, jewellery or other similar
items.
     AR 448/83 s35


36   An employer shall ensure that machines are not installed so close
together that a worker's safety is endangered from the proximity of the
machines to each other or to any worker.
     AR 448/83 s36


     Starting of Machinery

37(1)  An employer shall ensure that

     (a)  where moving machine parts may endanger workers when the
machine is started and there is not a clear view of the machine or parts
from the control panel or operator's station, an alarm system is installed,
and

     (b)  the alarm system gives an effective warning before start-up of
the machine so that workers are made aware of the imminent start-up.

(2)  Before starting machinery, a worker shall ensure that neither he nor
any other worker will be endangered by its starting.

(3)  While operating machinery, a worker shall ensure that neither he nor
any other worker is endangered by its operation.
     AR 448/83 s37;348/84


     Immobilization of Machinery

38   A worker shall not leave unattended or in a suspended position any
machinery or any part of or extension to machinery unless the machinery has
been immobilized and secured against accidental movement.
     AR 448/83 s38


     Maintenance and Repairs

39(1)  In this section, "tagged" refers to the placing by a worker on the
control device of a machine of a tag that does not conduct electricity and
that contains

     (a)  words directing persons not to start or operate the machine,

     (b)  the date when the tag was installed, and

     (c)  the worker's printed name and signature.

(2)  Where the nature of a work process requires that a worker service,
repair, test or adjust machinery while it is in motion, and that activity
endangers or may endanger a worker, his employer shall ensure that another
worker is stationed at the controls of the machinery and that

     (a)  an effective means of direct communication exists between the 2
workers, or

     (b)  where direct communication is not possible, other effective
precautions are taken to prevent injury to the worker.

(3)  Where machinery is shut down for servicing, repairs, tests or
adjustments, no worker shall carry out work on the machinery until a worker
has

     (a)  locked out and tagged the machinery and removed and rendered
safe any hazardous conditions, or

     (b)  otherwise rendered the machine inoperative in a manner that
will prevent its accidental reactivation and will provide for equal or
greater protection than the protection afforded by clause (a),

and has double-checked to ensure that the machinery is inoperative.

(4)  No person shall remove a lock-out device or tag except

     (a)  the worker who installed it, or

     (b)  in an emergency or where the worker who installed it is not
available, a competent worker, designated by the employer, who has first
ensured that no workers will be endangered by the removal.

(5)  On completion of servicing, repairs, tests or adjustments, the worker
shall, before the operation of the machine is resumed, ensure that putting
the machinery in motion will not endanger any worker.
     AR 448/83 s39;348/84


     Belts

40(1)  A worker shall not shift a belt on a machine by hand while the belt
is in motion.

(2)  An employer shall ensure that a permanent belt shifter is provided for
all loose pulleys on a machine and is so constructed that the belt cannot
creep back onto the driving pulley.
     AR 448/83 s40


     Elevated Conveyors

41   Where an elevated conveyor crosses over a walkway, an employer shall
ensure that the conveyor

     (a)  has side walls of sufficient height to prevent materials from
falling from it, and

     (b)  runs in a trough of sufficient strength to carry the weight
resulting from a broken chain, rope, belt or any falling materials.
     AR 448/83 s41


     Pneumatic Actuated Fastening Tools

42   A worker shall not permit the trigger of a pneumatic actuated
fastening tool to be mechanically held in the operating position unless the
manufacturer's specifications sanction the use of the tool in that manner.
     AR 448/83 s42


     Explosive Actuated Fastening Tools

43(1)  In this section, "explosive actuated fastening tool" means machinery
which, by means of an explosive force, propels or discharges from it a
fastening device for the purpose of impinging the fastening device on,
affixing it to, or causing it to penetrate another object or material.

(2)  An employer shall ensure that

     (a)  repealed AR 34/95 s6,

     (b)  the operator of an explosive actuated fastening tool has been
instructed and trained in the use of each model of tool which the operator
may be called on to operate.

(3)  The training referred to in subsection (2)(b) must include

     (a)  the selection of the appropriate tool, accessory, fastener and
power load for each application,

     (b)  the limitations of each type of tool, fastener and power load,

     (c)  maintenance inspection and safety procedures, and

     (d)  instructions for the personal protection of the operator and
other workers in the vicinity.
     AR 448/83 s43;34/95


     Grinding

44(1)  An employer shall ensure that

     (a)  the maximum number of revolutions per minute of an abrasive
wheel or disc, as recommended for safe use in the manufacturer's
specifications, is identified on the wheel or disc, and

     (b)  the maximum revolutions per minute of a grinder output shaft is
identified on the grinder.

(2)  An employer shall ensure that where a tool rest is installed on a
fixed grinder, the tool rest

     (a)  is installed in a manner compatible with the work process,

     (b)  is securely attached to the grinder, and

     (c)  is not

               (i)  set more than 3 millimetres from the face of the
wheel, or

               (ii) set below the centre line of the wheel.

(3)  A worker shall not

     (a)  do grinding on the side of an abrasive wheel unless the wheel
has been designed for that purpose, or

     (b)  adjust a tool rest while the grinder is in motion.
     AR 448/83 s44


     Power Saws

45   An employer shall ensure that a chainsaw

     (a)  is equipped with a mechanism or is designed so as to minimize
the risk of injury due to kick back of the chainsaw, and

     (b)  is operated, adjusted and maintained in accordance with the CSA
Standard CAN/CSA-Z.62.1-M85, "Chain Saws" , and

     (c)  the chain is not adjusted when the motor is idling.
     AR 448/83 s45;34/95


46(1)  An employer shall discard a circular saw blade that has developed a
crack whose length is more than 1/20 the diameter of the saw blade, unless
the diameter is so reduced as to eliminate the crack and the saw tension is
restored.

(2)  An employer shall discard a circular saw blade that has developed a
crack from the eye or the collar unless the circular saw is used for
bucking and the blade is repaired.
     AR 448/83 s46


47(1)  An employer shall discard a bandsaw blade that has developed a crack
whose length is greater than 1/10 the width of the saw blade unless

     (a)  the width is reduced so as to eliminate the crack, or

     (b)  the cracked section is replaced or welded.

(2)  An employer shall ensure that a bandsaw machine, other than a small
hand fed woodwork shop bandsaw, has an automatic tension control device.
     AR 448/83 s47


48   An employer shall ensure that

     (a)  a power fed circular rip saw with horizontal power-driven
infeed rolls is equipped with a sectional non-kick back device located in
front of the saw blade across the full width of the feed rolls, and

     (b)  a power fed circular resaw is equipped with a splitter which
extends to the height of the top of the saw and the saw is equipped with a
cover.
     AR 448/83 s48


49   An employer shall ensure that

     (a)  a hand operated swing cut-off saw, other than a radial arm saw,
is equipped with a device which will return the saw automatically to the
back of the table when the saw is released at any point in its travel, and

     (b)  a limit device is used to prevent a swing or sliding cut-off
saw from travel beyond the outside edge of the cutting table.
     AR 448/83 s49


     Planers

50   An employer shall ensure that drives on planers are such that planer
feed rolls may be stopped independently of the cutting heads.
     AR 448/83 s50


     PART 3

     SAFEGUARDS, WARNING SIGNS AND
     ALTERNATIVE PRECAUTIONS

     Interpretation

51   In this Part,

     (a)  "safeguard" means a guard, shield, guardrail, fence, gate,
barrier, wire mesh or other protective enclosure, safety net, handrail or
other similar equipment designed to protect the safety of workers, but does
not include personal protective equipment;

     (b)  "toe board" means a low vertical guard at the outer edge of a
platform, scaffold, floor, stair, walkway, ramp, runway or any other raised
work area or surface designed to prevent materials or equipment from
falling over the edge.
     AR 448/83 s51;348/84


     General Requirements for Safeguards

52(1)  Subject to this section, an employer shall provide effective
safeguards where a worker may come into contact with

     (a)  moving belts, rollers, gears, drive-shafts, keyways, pulleys,
sprockets, chains, ropes, spindles, drums, counter weights, flywheels or
couplings on machinery,

     (b)  reciprocating, rotating or moving parts of machinery,

     (c)  a pinch point of a machine or the cutting edge or point of hand
held machinery powered by a source other that the operator's own energy or
production machinery at which material is cut, shaped, bored or formed,

     (d)  open flames, steam pipes, refrigeration piping, or other
surfaces with temperatures that may cause skin to burn or blister,

     (e)  electrical cables or systems which may or do carry electrical
current which may result in a harmful electric shock, or

     (f)  material or objects thrown from pulleys or other equipment.

(2)  Subsection (1) does not apply in the case of machinery that is
equipped with an effective safety device which

     (a)  stops the machinery automatically when a worker comes into
contact with such of the things mentioned in subsection (1)(a) to (e) as
are part of his work environment,

     (b)  prevents a worker from coming into contact with anything
mentioned in subsection (1)(a) to (e), or

     (c)  otherwise eliminates the hazards described in subsection (1),
before a worker can be injured.

(3)  Subsection (1) does not apply to belts, ropes or chains operated from
a cathead or capstan.

(4)  Where the employer has determined that an effective safeguard cannot
be provided, the employer shall ensure than an alternative mechanism,
system or change in work procedure is put into place to protect workers
from being exposed to the hazards associated with the lack of the
safeguard.

(5)  An employer shall place adequate and appropriate warning signs that
provide clear instructions to workers concerning the nature of the hazard
at each access point to machinery that starts automatically and at a
visible location on the machinery.
     AR 448/83 s52;348/84


     Removal and Rendering Ineffective of Safeguards

53(1)  A worker shall not remove or render ineffective a safeguard, other
than a removable guardrail or gate, that is required by this Regulation
unless the removal or rendering ineffective is

     (a)  necessary to enable the effecting of maintenance, tests,
repairs or adjustments on equipment against which the safeguard is
protecting, or

     (b)  otherwise permitted by or pursuant to this Regulation.

(2)  Where a worker has removed or rendered ineffective a safeguard, he
shall ensure that

     (a)  it is replaced immediately on effecting the purpose for which
it was removed or rendered ineffective, and

     (b)  the safeguard will function properly.

(3)  Where a safeguard for machinery has been removed or rendered
ineffective and the machinery cannot be directly controlled by a worker,
the worker who removes or renders ineffective the safeguard shall take the
measures referred to in section 39(3).
     AR 448/83 s53


     Absence of Safeguards on Machinery

54   Notwithstanding anything in this Part, where (apart from this section)
safeguards are required by this Regulation for machinery but for some
reason the machinery cannot accomodate or operate with the safeguards, an
employer may permit the machinery to be operated without the safeguards if
he ensures that personal protective equipment appropriate to the hazard and
offering equal or greater protection to the workers who would have been
protected by the safeguards, is worn by those workers.
     AR 448/83 s54


     Safeguards for Machine Failures

55   Where there is a possibility of machine failure that may result in an
injury to a worker, an employer shall install safeguards strong enough to
contain or deflect the shock wave and the broken parts of the machinery and
flying particles of any product.
     AR 448/83 s55


     Safeguards for Cutting or Shaping Machinery

56(1)  In this section,

     (a)  "push block" means a block of wood long enough to protect
workers from the danger area and provided with a handle similar to that of
a hand plane and having a shoulder at the rear;

     (b)  "push stick" means a narrow strip of wood or other soft
material with a notch cut into one end.

(2)  Where there is or may be a danger of injury to a worker's hands, a
worker shall use a push stick or push block for feeding materials into
cutting or shaping machinery.

(3)  Repealed AR 348/84 s9.
     AR 448/83 s56;348/84


     Wire Mesh and Other Protective Enclosures

57(1)  Wire mesh required by this Regulation must be manufactured from wire
at least 1.63 millimetres in diameter and be capable of rejecting a ball 40
millimetres in diameter.

(2)  An employer shall ensure that wire mesh or an enclosure that is at
least as effective to contain equipment or materials is installed to a
height of at least 1 metre above the floor, platform or working level

     (a)  on all sides of a suspended or swingstage scaffold or a
cantilever hoist platform or skip, except the side adjacent to the
building, and

     (b)  around the surface opening of an underground shaft serving a
tunnel.

(3)  An employer shall ensure that wire mesh or an at least equally
effective material or device is installed on all sides of

     (a)  the cage of a tower hoist, as defined in section 129(1), or of
a building shaft hoist, and

     (b)  a hoist cage in an underground shaft serving a tunnel,

to contain materials and equipment and to prevent workers from being
exposed to the hazards associated with the movement of the cage in the
shaft.

(4)  Where it is necessary to hoist or lower materials that are of such a
nature that the sides of a cantilever hoist platform or skip cannot be
equipped as required by subsection (2), the employer shall provide an
effective alternative means of protection for workers against falling
materials.
     AR 448/83 s57


     Handrails

58(1)  This section applies only to stairways with more than 4 risers.

(2)  An employer shall ensure that

     (a)  a stairway is equipped with a handrail which

               (i)  extends the entire length of the stairway,

               (ii) is adequately secured to prevent dislodgement,

               (iii)     is installed on the stairway at a height of between
800 and 920 millimetres vertically from a line drawn through the outside
edges of the stair nosing, and

               (iv) is substantial and constructed of at least 38 by 89
millimetre lumber;

     (b)  a stairway with 1 or more open sides is equipped both with a
handrail and an intermediate rail or equivalent safeguard on each open
side;

     (c)  where a handrail is supported by posts, the posts are spaced
not more than 3 metres apart at their vertical centres and are constructed
of at least 38 by 89 millimetre lumber.
     AR 448/83 s58


     Guardrails

59(1)  A guardrail required by this Regulation must have

     (a)  a horizontal top member that is not less than 0.92 metres nor
more than 1.07 metres above the base of the guardrail,

     (b)  a horizontal intermediate member spaced mid-way between the top
member and the base, and

     (c)  vertical members at both ends of the horizontal members with
intermediate vertical supports that are not more than 3 metres apart at
their centres,

and be constructed of 38 by 89 millimetre lumber.

(2)  Notwithstanding subsection (1), the horizontal intermediate member is
not required in the case of a temporary guardrail constructed with a
substantial barrier between the horizontal top member and a toe board and
between the vertical members which will prevent a worker's falling through.

(3)  An employer shall ensure that a guardrail required by this Regulation
is secured in such a manner as to prevent dislodgement in any direction
when struck or contacted at any point on the horizontal top member.
     AR 448/83 s59


     Covering of Dangerous Holes and Openings

60   An employer shall ensure that

     (a)  an opening or a hole through which a worker could fall and
against the hazards of which workers are not otherwise expressly protected
under this Regulation is protected by

               (i)  a securely installed temporary covering that will
withstand the greater of

                         (A)  the equivalent of an evenly distributed
load of 2.4 kilonewtons per square metre, or

                         (B)  the loading effect from the combined
maximum weight of the most probable assemblage of workers, equipment and
materials,

                    without exceeding the allowable unit stress from
each material used, or

               (ii) a guardrail and toe boards,

     (b)  where the temporary covering, guardrail or toe boards or any
part of them is removed for any reason, an effective alternative means of
protection is immediately provided, and

     (c)  a temporary covering has a warning sign or markings affixed
clearly indicating the nature of the hazard and instructing that the
covering should not be removed unless an effective alternative means of
protection is immediately provided.
     AR 448/83 s60;348/84


     Building Shafts

61   An employer shall ensure that

     (a)  where work is being done in a building shaft under conditions
where a work platform is necessary to ensure the safety of workers, there
are installed

               (i)  a work platform that is completely decked and
designed to support any anticipated load, and

               (ii) a second platform not more than 4 metres below that
work platform;

     (b)  where there is no work platform at a doorway or opening to a
building shaft, the doorway or opening is enclosed and the enclosure is at
least 2 metres in height and includes an access door opening out from the
enclosed area;

     (c)  during construction of a building shaft at least 1 warning sign
indicating an open building shaft is placed on each doorway to the shaft.
     AR 448/83 s61


     Safety Nets

62   An employer shall ensure that a safety net used pursuant to this
Regulation complies with the following requirements:

     (a)  it is manufactured from material that is at least equivalent in
breaking strength to 9 millimetre diameter, number 1 grade pure manila rope
and that it is in no case less than 8 millimetres in diameter;

     (b)  the net has a mesh size no greater than 150 by 150 millimetres;

     (c)  all safety hooks or shackles are of drawn, rolled or forged
steel with a load arresting capacity of not less than 17.8 kilonewtons;

     (d)  the joints between the net panels develop the full strength of
the web;

     (e)  it extends at least 2.4 metres beyond and is not more than 6
metres below the work area;

     (f)  it is installed and maintained so that the maximum deflection
under impact load does not allow any portion of the net to contact another
surface.
     AR 448/83 s62


     Protection from Falling Objects

63(1)  Where there is likely to be workers in a work area as part of their
regular duties and a danger to the safety of the workers exists or may
exist from falling objects, the employer responsible for the worksite shall
provide overhead protection designed to withstand the shock loads from
objects that may fall.

(2)  Where workers may be in a work area other than as part of their
regular duties and a danger to their safety exists or may exist from
falling objects, the employer responsible for the worksite shall

     (a)  provide overhead protection designed to withstand the shock
loads from the falling objects, or

     (b)  place appropriate and adequate warning signs, horns, flashing
lights or similar devices to warn workers about those hazards.
     AR 448/83 s63;348/84


     Toe Boards

64(1)  An employer shall ensure that

     (a)  a toe board required by this Regulation is not less than 140
millimetres in height above the surface of the work area,

     (b)  where there may at any time be workers below

               (i)  a permanent floor, platform, mezzanine, walkway,
ramp, runway or other surface where guardrails have been installed or where
it is possible for materials to fall more than 1.8 metres, or

               (ii) temporary scaffolding or a work platform where it
is possible for materials to fall more than 3.5 metres,

          toe boards are installed at its outer edge above the work area,
and

     (c)  toe boards are installed around pits for flywheels or pulleys
in which workers may be working.

(2)  Subsection (1)(b) does not apply at an entrance or exit opening of a
loading or unloading area where the employer has taken other precautions to
ensure that materials will not fall from the permanent surface.

(3)  Subsection (1)(a) does not apply where toe boards at least 100
millimetres high were installed before the commencement of this section.
     AR 448/83 s64


     Bins, Hoppers and Chutes

65(1)  In this section, "grizzly bars" means horizontal bars installed over
a hopper or opening and spaced to prevent a worker from falling into the
hopper or opening.

(2)  Where a worker may have access to materials hoppers, bins or chutes,
an employer shall ensure that they are equipped with grizzly bars or
screens or such alternative means of protection as provides at least equal
protection to the workers.
     AR 448/83 s65


     Tires

66(1)  When initially inflating a tire, a worker shall ensure that the tire
pressure does not exceed the manufacturer's rated capacity.

(2)  A worker shall initially inflate a tire mounted on a split-rim or
locking ring wheel only after the wheel assembly has been placed in a tire
cage or has been otherwise restrained to contain flying parts in the event
of split-rim or locking ring failure or tire rupture.

(3)  The employer shall ensure that a clamp-on type connector is used to
inflate split-rim and locking ring wheels.

(4)  Where a clamp-on type connector is used to inflate a tire,

     (a)  the employer shall ensure that the worker uses an in-line
pressure gauge and positive pressure control and inflates the tire from a
safe position out of the immediate danger area, and

     (b)  the worker shall inflate the tire from such a position.
     AR 448/83 s66


     Securing of Equipment and Materials

67   Where there is a potential danger of dislodgement or movement of
equipment or materials that may endanger a worker, the employer responsible
for the worksite and the worker shall take all reasonable steps to ensure
that the equipment or materials are contained or restrained to eliminate
the potential danger.
     AR 448/83 s67;348/84


68   An employer shall ensure that

     (a)  where pallets are used to transport or store materials or
containers, the pallets are loaded, moved, stacked, arranged and stored in
a manner that does not create a danger to workers, and

     (b)  racks for the storage of materials or equipment are designed,
constructed and maintained to support the load to be placed on them and
placed on sufficiently firm foundations to be able to support the load.
     AR 448/83 s68


69(1)  An employer shall ensure that hoses or piping and their connections
which operate under pressure are restrained when failure or disconnection
could cause movement endangering workers.

(2)  Subsection (1) does not apply to the use of properly maintained fire
hoses when they are operated by competent workers.
     AR 448/83 s69


     PART 4

     ACCESS AND EGRESS

     Access and Egress Generally

70   An employer shall ensure that the means of access or egress to, from
or on a work site comply with this Part.
     AR 448/83 s70



71(1)  A safe means of access to and egress from every work area must be
provided.

(2)  All means of access to or egress from a work area must be maintained
in a good state of repair and free from materials, equipment and other
obstructions that might endanger workers or impede their exit from the area
in an emergency.
     AR 448/83 s71


     Doors

72(1)  Doors to and from a work area must open without substantial effort 
and be kept free of obstruction.

(2)  A walk-in freezer or refrigerator must have a means of opening the
door from the inside.
     AR 448/83 s72


     Ramps, Runways and Walkways

73(1)  A ramp, runway or walkway must

     (a)  be strong enough to withstand any traffic to which it may be
subjected,

     (b)  be wide enough to ensure the safe movement of equipment and
workers, but not less than 600 millimetres wide, and

     (c)  where applicable, have guardrails and curbs in accordance with
Part 3.

(2)  The surface of a ramp, runway or walkway where slipping hazards exist
or may exist must have adequate provision to maintain traction.
     AR 448/83 s73


     Stairways

74(1)  The width of treads and the height of rise must be uniform
throughout the length of a stairway, and the treads must be level.
(2)  Temporary stairs must be at least 600 millimetres wide.

(3)  Repealed AR 348/84 s13.

(4)  The catwalk on a drilling or service rig must be provided with a
stairway at the outer end.
     AR 448/83 s74;348/84


     Ladders Generally

75(1)  An employer shall provide a ladder where an elevated or sub-level
work area is not provided with any other safe and recognizable means of
access or egress.

(2)  Subsection (1) does not apply where competent workers are engaged in
connecting structural members of a skeleton structure.

(3)  An employer shall ensure that

     (a)  a wooden ladder or step ladder is not painted, other than by
being preserved with transparent protective coating, and

     (b)  a ladder is not made by fastening cleats across a single rail
or post.
     AR 448/83 s75


     Portable Ladders

76(1)  In this section, "portable ladder" includes a step ladder and any
ladder used as a portable ladder.

(2)  An employer shall ensure that

     (a)  a manufactured portable ladder complies with the CSA Standard
CAN 3-Z11-M81, "Portable Ladders";

     (b)  a portable extension ladder is equipped with locks which
securely hold the sections of the ladder in the extended position;

     (c)  where a section of a portable extension ladder is extended, the
extent of the overlap

               (i)  complies with the manufacturer's specifications, or

               (ii) where there are no such specifications, is not less
than 1 metre;

     (d)  a portable ladder is equipped with non-slip devices at the
foot.

(3)  A worker shall ensure that

     (a)  a portable ladder is secured against movement;

     (b)  the base of an inclined portable ladder is no further from the
base of the wall or structure than 1/4 the length of the ladder, measured
from the point at which the ladder contacts the wall or structure;

     (c)  the side rails of a portable ladder extend at least 1 metre
above any platform, landing or parapet where the ladder is used as a means
of access to the platform, landing or parapet.

(4)  A worker shall not work from either of the top 2 rungs of a portable
single or extension ladder.
     AR 448/83 s76


77(1)  An employer shall ensure that the legs of a step ladder are securely
held in position by means of metal braces or an equivalent rigid support.

(2)  A worker shall ensure that a step ladder is so used that when in the
open position the front section is no steeper than a ratio of 6 to 1.

(3)  A worker shall not work from either of the top 2 steps of a step
ladder, except where the step ladder is equipped with a railed platform.
     AR 448/83 s77


     Fixed Ladders

78(1)  In this section, "fixed ladder" includes a vertical ladder.

(2)  This section does not apply to fixed ladders on communications or
power transmission towers where section 93 is complied with.

(3)  An employer shall ensure that a fixed ladder and its use comply with
this section.

(4)  Rungs on a fixed ladder must be uniformly spaced and not less than 250
nor more than 305 millimetres apart at their centre, except in the case of
permanent rungs, whose uniform spacing does not exceed 450 millimetres,
installed before the commencement of this section.

(5)  A clearance of at least 150 millimetres must be maintained between the
ladder rungs on a fixed ladder and the structure to which the ladder is
affixed.

(6)  A fixed ladder must be securely held in place at the top and bottom
and at such intermediate points as are required to prevent sway.

(7)  A fixed ladder or section of a fixed ladder must not lean back from
the vertical.

(8)  The employer shall

     (a)  ensure that the side rails of a fixed ladder extend not less
than 1 metre above a platform, roof, landing or any other raised work area
or surface, or

     (b)  provide secure hand holds that enable a worker to gain safe
access to and egress from the top of the ladder.

(9)  A fixed ladder that is greater than 3.0 metres in height and is on a
structure in which the distance between landing areas does not exceed 6.5
metres shall have a hoop or guardrail at the point of access or egress from
the top of the ladder.

(10)  The width and length of the ladder opening in a platform, roof or
other landing must be at least 760 millimetres.

(11)  A fixed ladder that is more than 6.5 metres in height must have

     (a)  platforms at not more than 6.5 metre intervals with a width and
length of at least 760 millimetres, or

     (b)  ladder cages.

(12)  Subsections (9) and (11) do not apply,

     (a)  if each worker on the ladder is equipped with and wears a fall
arresting device which complies with the manufacturer's specifications or
is designed and certified by a professional engineer, or

     (b)  in the case of a worker engaged in work on a drilling or
service rig, if each worker on the ladder is equipped with and wears a
climbing assist device which complies with the manufacturer's
specifications or is designed and certified by a professional engineer.

(13)  Where a ladder cage is used on a fixed ladder it must be provided
with metal hoops spaced to prevent a worker from falling away from the
ladder and to contain a worker who may lean or fall against the ladder
cage.

(14)  The lowest point of the ladder cage must be no more than 3 metres
from a landing or the ground.

(15)  Where this section requires the provision of a hoop on a ladder, the
hoop must

     (a)  consist of materials of sufficient strength to contain a worker
who may lean or fall against the hoop,

     (b)  enclose the active side of the ladder, and

     (c)  extend not more than 760 millimetres from the ladder to the
ladder cage.

(16)  A platform with a width and length of at least 760 millimetres must
be provided where a fixed ladder is offset.
     AR 448/83 s78;348/84


     Construction Ladders

79(1)  An employer shall ensure that a construction ladder complies with
this section.

(2)  Side rails of a construction ladder up to 5 metres in length must be
constructed of lumber measuring not less than 38 by 89 millimetres.

(3)  Side rails of a ladder over 5 metres in length must be constructed of
lumber measuring not less than 38 by 140 millimetres.

(4)  Rungs must be

     (a)  constructed of solid lumber measuring not less than 21 by 89
millimetres,

     (b)  held by filler blocks or secured by a single continuous wire,
and

     (c)  uniformly spaced between 250 and 300 millimetres apart at their
centres.

(5)  The width between side rails at the bottom must be at least 500
millimetres.

(6)  Where a two-way construction ladder wide enough to permit traffic in
both directions at the same time is issued,

     (a)  a centre structural rail must be provided along the length of
the ladder,

     (b)  the width of the ladder must not be less than 1 metre, and

     (c)  the materials in the ladder must be substantial enough in size
to accommodate the maximum intended load.
     AR 448/83 s79


     Derrick Ladders

80   Repealed AR 348/84 s15.


     Fixed Ladders on Extending Booms

81(1)  An employer shall ensure that

     (a)  where a ladder is attached as a permanent part of an extending
boom on powered mobile equipment, no worker is on the ladder during
articulation, extension or retraction of the boom, and

     (b)  where outriggers are incorporated in the equipment to provide
stability, no worker climbs the ladder until the outriggers are deployed.

(2)  Subsection (1)(a) does not apply to fire fighting equipment.
     AR 448/83 s81


     PART 5

     PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

     General Provisions

82(1)  An employer shall take reasonable measures to institute engineering
techniques, systems, work practices or administrative controls that
eliminate or reduce to a practical minimum those hazards for which personal
protective equipment is or would otherwise be required.

(2)  If the measures do not, or it is impracticable to, eliminate or reduce
a hazard to a point where there is no danger to the safety or health of
workers, then

     (a)  the employer shall ensure that workers use the appropriate
personal protective equipment specified in this Regulation, and

     (b)  workers shall use that equipment.

(3)  Where personal protective equipment is or may be required by this
Regulation, an employer shall ensure that it is in a condition to perform
the function for which it was designed.

(4)  A worker shall not use personal protective equipment which is not in a
condition to perform the function for which it was designed.
     AR 448/83 s82


     Head Protection

83(1)  If a danger of injury to a worker's head exists or may exist, then,
subject to subsections (2) and (3), his employer shall ensure that the
worker wears industrial protective headwear that

     (a)  complies

               (i)  with CSA Standard CAN/CSA-Z94.1-92 "Industrial
Protective Headwear" when a significant risk of a lateral impact to the
head exists, or

               (ii) with

                         (A)  CSA Standard Z94.1-1977 "Industrial
Protective Headwear", or

                         (B)  ANSI Standard Z89.1-1986, "Protective
Headwear for Industrial Workers"

                    if the employer has determined that a significant
risk of lateral impact does not exist,

     and

     (b)  is of a type and class prescribed in the standard under clause
(a) as being appropriate to the particular hazard or potential hazard.

(2)  Where, in the opinion of the employer, the wearing of industrial
protective headware is impractical during a particular work process,

     (a)  the employer shall ensure that during that work process
adequate alternative means of protecting the worker's head are in place,
and

     (b)  the worker may be permitted to conduct the work without the
industrial protective headware provided that he reverts to wearing it, if
the danger persists, forthwith after completing that work process.

(3)  A bump hat may be used where the danger of injury is limited to the
worker striking his head against a stationary object.
     AR 448/83 s83;348/84;34/95


84   An employer shall ensure that industrial protective headwear worn by
workers in logging and pulpwood harvest operations or by designated
signallers controlling traffic is blaze or fluorescent orange or
fluorescent red in colour.
     AR 448/83 s84


85(1)  Where there is a danger of injury to the head, an employer shall
ensure that a worker, when operating an all terrain vehicle or a snow
vehicle as defined in the Off-Highway Vehicle Act, including a motorized
trail bike, wears protective headwear that has been approved by one of the
following standard setting organizations for use as protective headwear in
motor vehicle applications:

     (a)  Canadian Standards Association (CSA);

     (b)  American National Standards Institute (ANSI);

     (c)  Snell Memorial Foundation;

     (d)  British Standards Institution.

(2)  Subsection (1) does not apply where the vehicle is equipped with roll
over protective structures and seat belts complying with section 102(f).
     AR 448/83 s85;34/95


     Eye Protection

86   Where there is a danger of injury to or irritation of a worker's eyes,
his employer shall ensure that the worker wears properly fitting eye
protective equipment that

     (a)  is appropriate to the work being done and the hazard involved,
and

     (b)  is approved under the CSA Standard CAN/CSA-Z94.3-92,
"Industrial Eye and Face Protectors".
     AR 448/83 s86;34/95


87   A worker shall not perform electric arc welding when another worker
may be exposed to radiation from the arc unless the other worker is wearing
suitable eye protection or is protected by a screen.
     AR 448/83 s87


     Foot Protection

88(1)  Where a danger of injury to a worker's foot exists or may exist, his
employer shall ensure that the worker wears safety footwear that is
appropriate to the nature of the hazard associated with the particular work
process and is approved under the CSA Standard CAN/CSA-Z195-M92,
"Protective Footwear".

(2)  Subsection (1) does not apply in respect of a competent worker engaged
in the connection of structural members of skeleton structures.
     AR 448/83 s88;348/84;34/95


     Limb and Body Protection

89   Where there is a danger of injury to a worker's hands, arms or legs or
the trunk of his body, his employer shall ensure that the worker wears
properly fitting hand, arm, leg or body protective equipment (as the case
may be) that is appropriate to the work being done and the nature of the
hazard involved.
     AR 448/83 s89


     Safety Belts, Lanyards and Life-lines

90   An employer shall ensure that

     (a)  body harnesses, safety belts and lanyards used at a work site
are approved under any of the following standards that applies:

               (i)  CSA Standard Z259.1-1976, "Fall Arresting Safety
Belts and Lanyards for the Construction and Mining Industries";

               (ii) CSA Standard Z259.3-M1978 "Lineman's Body Belt and
Lineman's Safety Strap";

               (iii)     CSA Standard CAN/CSA Z259.10-M90 "Full Body
Harnesses";

     (b)  life-lines used pursuant to this Regulation are

               (i)  made of material that is capable of withstanding
the shock load which may be applied to it, and

               (ii) of a diameter sufficient to ensure that a ropegrab
being used will operate properly.
     AR 448/83 s90;34/95


91   A worker shall ensure that

     (a)  a life-line or lanyard

               (i)  is protected

                         (A)  by padding where it passes over sharp
edges, and

                         (B)  from heat, flame, abrasion and
corrosive materials during use, and

               (ii) does not pass through any obstruction which could
create a danger to a worker should any platform on which the worker is
working fail;

     (b)  a life-line

               (i)  is attached to a fixed anchor capable of supporting
the shock load which may be applied, and

               (ii) has its lower end enclosed or secured to prevent
fouling;

     (c)  a safety belt or harness is

               (i)  properly adjusted to fit the worker securely, and

               (ii) attached by means of a lanyard to a fixed anchor or
a life-line;

     (d)  a personal fall arresting system is assembled and used in a
manner that will protect the worker from receiving an injury

               (i)  from striking a surface below, and

               (ii) due to the shock forces during the arrest of the
fall.
     AR 448/83 s91;34/95


92   An employer shall ensure that

     (a)  personal fall arresting system equipment is protected from
heat, flame, abrasion and corrosive materials during storage,

     (b)  a personal fall arresting system is provided for each worker on
a manually operated work platform, a suspended powered work platform, or a
single suspension cage, basket or boatswain's chair,

     (c)  the personal fall arresting system referred to in clause (b) is
not attached to the same anchor points as the suspension lines of a work
platform,

     (d)  all metal parts of, or hardware attached to personal fall
arresting system components have a load arresting capacity of not less than
17.8 kilonewtons, and

     (e)  a protective thimble is used to connect ropes or straps to eyes
or rings used in a personal fall arresting system.
     AR 448/83 s92;34/95


     Climbing of Communications and
     Power Transmission Towers

93(1)  An employer shall ensure that workers on a communications or power
transmission tower use safety belts and lanyards.

(2)  When working on a communications or power transmission tower, a worker
shall

     (a)  use a safety belt and lanyard, and

     (b)  secure himself to the tower when resting or working.
     AR 448/83 s93


     Respiratory Protective Equipment

     Determination of Need for Equipment

94(1)  Where, at a work site,

     (a)  there is or may be exposure of a worker to an airborne
contaminant or a combination of airborne contaminants in a concentration
exceeding the occupational exposure limits prescribed by the Chemical
Hazards Regulation (Alta. Reg. 393/88),

     (b)  the atmosphere contains or may contain oxygen at less than 18
kilopascals partial pressure, or

     (c)  the wearing of respiratory protective equipment is or may be
required by section 82(2),

the employer shall determine the degree of danger presented to the worker
by the conditions that are or may be present at the work site and the need
for respiratory protective equipment.

(2)  In making his determination under subsection (1), the employer shall
consider

     (a)  the nature of any contaminants,

     (b)  the concentration or likely concentration of any airborne
contaminants,

     (c)  the duration or likely duration of the worker's exposure,

     (d)  the toxicity of the contaminants,

     (e)  the partial pressure of oxygen,

     (f)  the warning properties of the contaminants, and

     (g)  the need for emergency escape.
     AR 448/83 s94;34/95


     Selection of Respiratory Protective Equipment

95(1)  Based on his determination under section 94(1), the employer shall
provide and ensure the availability of the appropriate respiratory
protective equipment referred to in this section.

(2)  Where the employer determines, under section 94(1), that the
conditions present at the work site are or may become immediately dangerous
to life or health by virtue of the reduced oxygen content of the air or by
acute toxic effects caused by contaminants, the employer shall ensure that
workers wear self-contained breathing apparatus, self-contained oxygen
generating apparatus or remote supplied air apparatus that

     (a)  is of a type that will maintain positive pressure in the
facepiece,

     (b)  has a capacity of at least 30 minutes,

     (c)  provides full face protection, where the contaminants are
irritating to the eyes,

     (d)  in the case of remote supplied air apparatus, is fitted with an
auxiliary supply of respirable air of sufficient quantity to enable the
worker to escape from the area in an emergency, and

     (e)  in the case of self contained breathing apparatus, is fitted
with an alarm warning.

(3)  Where the employer determines, under section 94(1), that the
conditions at the work site are not or cannot become immediately dangerous
to life or health but that

     (a)  the oxygen content of the atmosphere is or may be less than 18
kilopascals partial pressure, or

     (b)  the concentration of airborne contaminants exceeds or may
exceed that specified by the manufacturer for air purifying respiratory
equipment,

and the full equipment required by subsection (2) is not provided, the
employer shall ensure that the workers wear self-contained breathing
apparatus, self-contained oxygen generating apparatus or remote supplied
air apparatus having a capacity of at least 30 minutes.

(4)  Notwithstanding subsections (2) and (3), workers may be permitted to
wear air purifying respiratory protective equipment instead of the
equipment referred to in those subsections where

     (a)  the oxygen content of the air is and will continue to be 18
kilopascals partial pressure or greater,

     (b)  the air purifying equipment used is designed to provide
protection against the specific airborne contaminant or combination of
airborne contaminants present, and

     (c)  the concentrations of airborne contaminants do not exceed the
maximum concentrations specified by the manufacturer for the specific type
of air purifying equipment having regard to the duration of its use.

(5)  Where normal operating conditions do not require the wearing of
respiratory protective equipment but emergency conditions may occur
requiring a worker to escape from the work area, the employer may, instead
of complying with subsections (2) to (4), permit the worker, during the
escape, to wear

     (a)  a mouthbit and nose-clamp respirator if

               (i)  the respirator is designed to provide protection
against the specific airborne contaminants present, and

               (ii) the oxygen content of the atmosphere will be 18
kilopascals partial pressure or greater,

          or

     (b)  alternative respiratory protective equipment providing equal or
greater protection, having regard to the length of time it will take the
worker to escape from the work area.

(6)  Where a worker is carrying out abrasive blasting operations, the
employer shall ensure that the worker wears a hood supplied with air that
is at a positive pressure not exceeding 140 kilopascals.

(7)  In addition to the requirements of this section, at each oil or gas
well service or drilling rig, an employer shall ensure that there are
readily available to effect a rescue at least 2 units of self-contained
breathing or oxygen generating apparatus that

     (a)  is of a type that will maintain positive pressure in the
facepiece,

     (b)  has a capacity of at least 30 minutes, and

     (c)  in the case of self-contained breathing apparatus, is fitted
with an alarm warning.
     AR 448/83 s95;348/84


     Approval of Equipment

96   An employer shall ensure that respiratory protective equipment
required by this Part is specifically approved

     (a)  jointly by the Mining Enforcement and Safety Administration and
the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (U.S.A.),

     (b)  jointly by the Mine Safety and Health Administration and the
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (U.S.A.), or

     (c)  by another standards setting and equipment testing organization
or combination of organizations acceptable to a Director.
     AR 448/83 s96


97   An employer shall ensure that air used for self-contained breathing
apparatus or remote supplied air apparatus is of a quality that

     (a)  complies with the CSA Standard CAN3-Z180.1-M85, "Compressed
Breathing Air and Systems", Table 2, and

     (b)  notwithstanding clause (a), does not exceed, in the
concentration of any substance in it, 10% of the applicable occupational
exposure limits prescribed by the Chemical Hazards Regulation (AR 393/88).
     AR 448/83 s97;34/95


98   An employer shall ensure that

     (a)  respiratory protective equipment whose efficacy depends on an
effective facial seal is correctly fitted to provide for an effective
facial seal,

     (b)  workers who are or may be required to wear respiratory
protective equipment that is dependent on an effective facial seal are
clean shaven where the facepiece of the equipment seals with the skin of
the face,

     (c)  respiratory protective equipment is

               (i)  stored in a readily accessible location and in a
manner that will prevent its contamination,

               (ii) maintained in a clean and sanitary condition,

               (iii)     inspected before and after each use, and

               (iv) serviced and used in accordance with the
manufacturer's specifications or specifications that provide for equal or
greater protection than those of the manufacturer, and

     (d)  respiratory protective equipment that is not used routinely but
is kept ready for emergency use is inspected at least once a month by a
competent worker to ensure that it is in satisfactory working condition.
     AR 448/83 s98


     Codes of Practice

99   An employer shall establish a code of practice governing the
selection, maintenance and use of respiratory protective equipment.
     AR 448/83 s99


     PART 6

     POWERED MOBILE EQUIPMENT
     AND OTHER VEHICLES

     Interpretation

100   In this Part, "hours of darkness" means the period from 1 hour after
sunset to 1 hour before sunrise, or at any time when, because of
insufficient light or unfavourable atmospheric conditions, persons or
vehicles are not clearly discernible at a distance of 150 metres.
     AR 448/83 s100


     General Equipment Requirements
     For Powered Mobile Equipment

101   An employer shall ensure that powered mobile equipment is equipped in
accordance with sections 102 to 108.
     AR 448/83 s101


102   Powered mobile equipment must be equipped

     (a)  with a stopping device that is within easy reach of the
operator and designed to remove the power from the drawworks or
transmission or to shut down the power unit;

     (b)  with an effective means of warning workers of the presence,
general dimensions and movement of the equipment, where the presence,
dimensions or movement may be a danger to workers;

     (c)  if operated during hours of darkness other than in an area in
which workers are illuminated in such a manner that they are clearly
discernible at a distance of 150 metres, with headlights and backing lights
that illuminate the path of travel to the front and the back of the
machine;

     (d)  if it has a windshield, with windshield wipers that are of
sufficient size and capacity to keep the windshield clear;

     (e)  with seats or other installations sufficient to ensure the
safety of all workers authorized to be in or on the machine while in
motion;

     (f)  where fitted with roll over protective structures,

               (i)  with seat belts for the operator and passengers
which comply with or exceed whichever of the following Society of
Automotive Engineers' Recommended Practices are appropriate:

                         J386 "Seat Belts for Construction Machines"

                         J117 "Dynamic Test Procedure - Type 1 and
Type 2 Seat Belt Assemblies"

                         J800c "Motor Vehicle Seat Belt Assembly
Installations", or

               (ii) where the work process renders the wearing of seat
belts impracticable, shoulder belts, bars, gates, screens or other
restraining devices designed to prevent the operator and passengers from
being thrown outside the roll over protection structures.
     AR 448/83 s102;348/84


     Bulkheads

103   An employer shall install a bulkhead or other effective structure to
protect the operator of powered mobile equipment transporting equipment or
materials which are likely to or may shift under emergency stopping
conditions and endanger the operator.
     AR 448/83 s103


     Back-up Alarm Systems

104(1)  If, during the operation of powered mobile equipment with a gross
vehicle weight exceeding 6000 kilograms, the operator does not have clear
visibility sufficient to detect workers working in the vicinity of the
equipment, the employer shall ensure that the powered mobile equipment is
equipped with an automatic system which will

     (a)  warn workers in the path of the vehicle, or

     (b)  stop the vehicle when workers are in its path of travel.

(2)  Where the alarm is an audible alarm system, the employer shall ensure
that it

     (a)  meets the performance, tests and application criteria of the
Society of Automotive Engineers' Standard J994 Sept. 85, "Alarm - Back-Up
-Electric - Performance, Test and Application",

     (b)  emits a distinct sound more than 3 decibels (A scale) above the
ambient noise level of the work site, and

     (c)  emits a sound that will not be cancelled out by the harmonic
noises of the engine throughout the entire operating range of the engine.
     AR 448/83 s104;348/84;34/95


     Roll Over Protective Structures

105(1)  Subject to this section, the following items of powered mobile
equipment, if they have engines with a capacity of 15 kilowatts or more and
were manufactured after December 31, 1972, namely

     (a)  crawler tractors (other than those operating with side booms),

     (b)  wheeled or tracked dozers and loaders (other than those
operating with side booms),

     (c)  motor graders,

     (d)  self-propelled wheel scrapers,

     (e)  industrial and agricultural tractors, and

     (f)  skidders,

must be equipped with roll over protective structures which

     (g)  have been

               (i)  designed in accordance with the criteria of the
Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Standard J1040c, "Performance
Criteria for Rollover Protective Structures (ROPS) for Construction,
Earthmoving, Forestry, and Mining Machines", SAE Standard J1194, "Rollover
Protective Structures (ROPS) for Wheeled Agricultural Tractors" or CSA
Standard B 352-M-1980, "Rollover Protective Structures (ROPS) for
Agricultural, Construction, Earthmoving, Forestry, Industrial and Mining
Equipment", or a predecessor of any of those Standards that was in effect
at the time the machine was designed or manufactured, or

               (ii) certified by the manufacturer of the machines or
structures or by a professional engineer as meeting the requirements of
subclause (i),

     and

     (h)  have permanently and legibly marked on them in accordance with
the CSA Standard B 352-M 1980, "Rollover Protective Structures for
Agriculture, Construction, Earthmoving, Forestry, Industrial and Mining
Machinery",

               (i)  the manufacturer's name and address,

               (ii) the model and serial numbers,

               (iii)     the make and model or series number of the machines
which the structures are designed to fit, and

               (iv) an identification of the appropriate Standard
referred to in clause (g)(i).

(2)  Machines referred to in subsection (1)(a) to (f) and which were
manufactured between January 1, 1970 and December 31, 1972 must be equipped
with roll over protective structures which

     (a)  meet the requirements of subsection (1)(g) and (h), or

     (b)  comply with the following requirements:

               (i)  the structures and supporting attachments are
designed, fabricated and attached in a manner to support not less than
twice the weight of the prime mover, based on the ultimate strength of the
metal and integrated loading of structural members, with the resultant load
applied at the point of impact,

               (ii) there is a vertical clearance of 1.3 metres between
the decks and the structures at the point of operator access or egress,

               (iii)     they are certified by a professional engineer as
meeting the requirements of subclauses (i) and (ii), and

               (iv) they have the permanent and legible markings on
them referred to in subsection (1)(h)(i) to (iii).

(3)  Machines referred to in subsection (1) (a) to (f) and which were
manufactured before January 1, 1970 must be equipped with roll over
protective structures which

     (a)  meet the requirements of subsection (1)(g) and (h), or

     (b)  provide at least equal protection to a structure meeting the
design criteria as set out in subsection (2)(b)(i) and (ii), except that
where the machine is already equipped with an overhead canopy or cab the
employer shall have the canopy or cab strengthened by the addition of
proper gussetting and by substantially attaching the structure to the frame
of the machine.

(4)  Self-propelled rollers and compactors with engine capacities of 15
kilowatts or more manufactured after the commencement of this section must
be equipped as provided in subsection (1).

(5)  Where repairs or modifications are made to a roll over protective
structure on a machine referred to in this section, the employer shall
ensure that a professional engineer certifies that the repairs or
modifications have restored the structure to its original design strength.
     AR 448/83 s105;348/84


     Lights

106   Head lights and backing lights required by this Part must comply with
the Society of Automotive Engineers' Standard J1029, "Lighting and Marking
of Construction and Industrial Machinery".
     AR 448/83 s106


     Glazing

107(1)  Where a transparent material is used as part of the enclosure for a
cab, canopy or roll over protective structure on powered mobile equipment
it must be safety glass or another non-shattering material giving at least
equivalent protection and that complies with or exceeds

     (a)  the Society of Automotive Engineers' Recommended Practice
J674a, "Safety Glazing Materials-Motor Vehicles", or

     (b)  the American National Standards Institute's Standard Z26.1,
"Safety Code for Safety Glazing Materials for Glazing Motor Vehicles
Operating on Land Highways" and Z26.1a, "Supplement to Safety Code for
Safety Glazing Materials for Glazing Motor Vehicles Operating on Land
Highways".

(2)  An employer shall ensure that, as soon as is practicable, broken or
cracked glazing that obstructs the operator's vision is removed from a cab,
canopy or roll over protective structure and is replaced.
     AR 448/83 s107


     Fuel Tanks

108   The fuel tanks located in the enclosed cab of powered mobile
equipment must have the filler spout and vents

     (a)   extending to the outside of the cab, and

     (b)  properly sealed to prevent fumes from entering the interior of
the equipment.
     AR 448/83 s108


     Starting Equipment

109(1)  Subject to subsection (2), an employer shall ensure that a worker
does not start, and a worker shall not start, the engine or power unit of
powered mobile equipment until

     (a)  a complete visual inspection of the machine and surrounding
area has been made to ensure that no worker, including the operator, is
endangered by the starting of the engine, and

     (b)  all drive mechanisms and clutches have been disengaged.

(2)  Where

     (a)  the engine or power unit of powered mobile equipment cannot be
started from the control platform or cab seat, or

     (b)  the steps described in subsection (1)(a) and (b) are
impracticable, the employer shall prescribe procedures to ensure that no
worker, including the operator, can be injured due to movement of the
machine or any part of it.
     AR 448/83 s109


     Use of Seating Equipment

110(1)  Workers shall use the equipment referred to in section 102(e) and
(f) while the powered mobile equipment is in motion.
(2)  A worker shall not ride on top of a load that is being moved except
where

     (a)  he is operating the controls of the powered mobile equipment
conveying it, or

     (b)  the employer has developed safe working procedures for riding
on moving loads which effectively eliminate the hazards associated with
shifting loads or falls from loads.
     AR 448/83 s110


     Movement of Load or Parts

111(1)  Where danger is created by the movement of a load, cab,
counterweight or any other part of powered mobile equipment, no worker
shall remain, and an employer shall not permit any worker to remain, within
range of the moving load or part, and the operator shall not move the load
or machine when any worker is so exposed.

(2)  The operator shall so position the powered mobile equipment that no
moving portion of it will come within 600 millimetres of any obstruction in
an area accessible to workers, unless entry to that area has been prevented
by barriers or other effective means.

(3)  An employer shall ensure that when maintenance or repairs are required
on the elevated parts of powered mobile equipment, those parts are securely
blocked in place to prevent their accidental movement.
     AR 448/83 s111


     Flammable or Explosive Materials in Vehicles

112(1)  An employer shall ensure that workers do not service or maintain a
vehicle, other than checking and topping up fluid levels and air pressure,
while flammable or explosive materials are

     (a)  being loaded into or unloaded from the vehicle, or

     (b)  in the vehicle, other than in its fuel tank or a portable fuel
tank that has been approved by The Underwriters' Laboratories of Canada
Standards for the purpose for which it is used.

(2)  A worker shall not service or maintain a vehicle in contravention of
subsection (1).

(3)  Subsections (1) and (2) do not apply to a commercial tank truck
designed to transport flammable or explosive materials.

(4)   An operator shall ensure that the engine of a tank truck containing
flammable or explosive materials is shut off during the connection or
disconnection of the loading lines.
     AR 448/83 s112;348/84


     Refueling of Vehicles

113   An employer shall ensure that a worker does not, and no worker shall

     (a)  smoke within 3 metres of a vehicle while it is being refueled,
or

     (b)  refuel a vehicle when there is any source of ignition within 3
metres of that vehicle.
     AR 448/83 s113;348/84


     Transportation of Workers

114(1)  A worker in a vehicle shall not allow any part of his body to
protrude from the vehicle where the protrusion creates or may create a
danger to the worker.

(2)  A worker shall ensure that no equipment or material for which he is
responsible is carried in the compartment of a vehicle in which another
worker is travelling unless it is so placed or secured as to prevent injury
to himself and the other worker.

(3)  Where an open vehicle is used to transport workers, the employer shall
ensure that it is so designed as to prevent any of the workers from falling
from the vehicle.

(4)  An employer shall ensure that during inclement weather, protection
against the weather is provided for workers required to travel in a
vehicle.

(5)  Where a vehicle with an enclosed body is used to transport workers,
the employer shall ensure that the exhaust outlet of the engine is so
located that the exhaust gases cannot enter the enclosed body of the
vehicle.
     AR 448/83 s114


     PART 7

     HOISTING AND HOISTS

     Interpretation

115   In this Part, in reference to equipment,

     (a)  "check" means determine whether the equipment meets the
relevant code, standards or manufacturer's or professional engineer's
specifications and is operating properly;

     (b)  "examine" means verify by visual and manual examination,
including dismantling or cleaning when appropriate, that the equipment is
in a condition that will not compromise a worker's safety;

     (c)  "inspect" means look at externally while the equipment is in
operation to verify that the equipment is in proper working order;

     (d)  "test" means carry out a procedure, including operating the
equipment where appropriate, which will determine whether the equipment is
correctly assembled and functioning and is likely to continue to do so.
     AR 448/83 s115


     Application

116   This Part applies to hoists with a capacity of 2000 kilograms or
more.
     AR 448/83 s116


117(1)  Subject to this Part, an employer shall ensure that

     (a)  a hoist manufactured after the commencement of this section is
designed, installed, erected, checked, examined, inspected, tested,
operated, maintained and repaired in accordance with the appropriate CSA
Standard listed below:

               (i)  B167-1964, "General Purpose Electrical Overhead
Travelling Cranes";

               (ii) C22.2 No. 33-M1984 (R1992), "Construction and Test
of Electrical Cranes and Hoists";

               (iii)     Z150-1974, "Safety Code for Mobile Cranes";

               (iv) Z150S1-1977, "Supplement No. 1 to Z150-1974";

               (v)  CSA Standard CAN/CSA-Z185-M87, "Safety Code for
Personnel Hoists";

               (vi) Z248-1975, "Code for Tower Cranes";

               (vii)     CSA Standard CAN/CSA-Z256-M87, "Safety Code for
Material Hoists";

     (b)  a hoist installed in an underground mine or one not the subject
of any of the Standards listed in clause (a) is certified  by a
professional engineer.

(2)  A personnel hoist used in a mine is exempt from compliance with the
code referred to in subsection (1)(a)(v).
     AR 448/83 s117;34/95


118(1)  An employer shall ensure that

     (a)  all major structural, mechanical and electrical components of a
hoist are permanently and legibly identified as being component parts of a
specific make and model of hoist,

     (b)  a hoist is equipped with positive pressure controls,

     (c)  a competent worker is designated by the employer as the
operator of the hoist and to ensure its safe operation,

     (d)  signals are given by a designated signaller where necessary to
ensure a safe hoisting operation, and

     (e)  where the operator does not operate from a hoist cab, the
operator wears a high visibility vest.

(2)  Subsection (1)(b) does not apply to a drawwork hoist incorporated into
a drilling or servicing rig.

(3)  Where the operator of a hoist has any doubt as to the safety of
workers, he shall not move any equipment or load until

     (a)  safe working conditions have been assured, or

     (b)  orders to proceed have been issued by a designated signaller.

(4)  No worker shall operate a hoist other than the competent worker
designated by the employer to operate that hoist.

(5)  Where there is a danger created by the movement of a load being moved,
raised or lowered by a hoist,

     (a)  the employer shall provide a tag line of a length sufficient to
ensure that the worker controlling the tag line cannot be struck by any
movement of the load, and

     (b)  workers shall use the tag line.

(6)  An employer shall ensure that an oil barrel or similar container is
not used for hoisting purposes unless the barrel or container is hoisted in
a cage designed for that purpose and is identified as to the maximum load
rating.
     AR 448/83 s118


     Cranes, Derricks and Similar Hoists

119(1)  An employer shall ensure that

     (a)  a crane is equipped with an effective warning device (other
than a back-up alarm referred to in section 104) that

               (i)  is readily accessible to the operator,

               (ii) is sufficient to warn workers of the impending
movement of the crane,

               (iii)     if it is an audible alarm, has a distinct sound
that is distinguishable from all other sounds at the work site, and

     (b)  where the design or operation of a crane is such that the crane
may fall or flip backwards because of the return movement of the boom, the
crane has installed

               (i)  positive boom stops in accordance with the
manufacturer's specifications, and

               (ii) a boom stop limit device to prevent the boom from
being drawn back beyond a pre-determined safe boom angle, and

     (c)  where a jib is attached to the boom, a jib stop device is
installed to prevent the jib from being drawn back over the boom.

(2)  An employer shall develop procedures to prevent collisions between
different cranes, their loads and their component parts.
     AR 448/83 s119


120   An employer shall ensure that a crane, derrick or similar hoist
operating on rails, tracks or trolleys

     (a)  has a positive stop or limiting device on the machine or on the
rails, tracks or trolleys to prevent its overrunning safe limits or
contacting other equipment that is on the same rail, track or trolley,

     (b)  is equipped with an overspeed limiting device,

     (c)  has positive means of ensuring that the rails, tracks or
trolleys cannot spread or misalign,

     (d)  has sweepguards installed to prevent materials on the rail,
track or trolley from causing dislodgement of the hoist, and

     (e)  has a bed designed to carry all anticipated loads.
     AR 448/83 s120


121(1)  An employer shall ensure that

     (a)  counterweights and outriggers on cranes and similar hoists are
installed, used and maintained in accordance with the manufacturer's
specifications or the appropriate CSA Standard listed in section 117(1)(a),

     (b)  each crane or similar hoist has permanently affixed to it, in
accordance with the appropriate CSA Standard, a plate or weatherproof chart
which is legible and shows

               (i)  the manufacturer's rated capacity load for the
machine,

               (ii) the manufacturer's name,

               (iii)     the model, serial number and year of manufacture or
shipment date,

               (iv) hand signals for control of hoisting operations,
and

               (v)  the load ratings for all possible boom angles and
boom radii;

     (c)  the manufacturer's rated capacity load for each crane boom or
mast section is permanently and legibly marked on the boom or section as
the case may be;

     (d)  blocking procedures are developed for the installation removal
or replacement of a derrick or the mast or boom section of a crane, so that
the collapse or upset of any part of the derrick or crane is prevented;

     (e)  where outriggers are installed on a crane or similar hoist,
they are extended and supported by solid footings before being used.

(2)  Subsection (1)(b) does not apply to side boom or gin pole trucks.
     AR 448/83 s121;348/84


     Repairs to Cranes and Similar Hoists

122(1)  An employer shall ensure that structural repairs or modifications
to components of a crane or similar hoist are

     (a)  performed only under the direction and control of a
professional engineer, and

     (b)  tested and certified by the professional engineer to the effect
that the workmanship and quality of materials used are such that the
capacity of the components is not less than their original capacity.

(2)  Where repairs or modifications have been carried out under subsection
(1), the employer shall ensure that

     (a)  the sections that are repaired or modified are individually and
uniquely identified, and

     (b)  the engineer's certification makes reference to those sections.
     AR 448/83 s122


     Log Books

123(1)  An employer shall provide a log book for each crane, derrick or
other hoist operating at a work site.

(2)  The employer shall ensure that

     (a)  the log book is readily available for inspection by an officer
at any time, and

     (b)  the same log book is continued and maintained for one
particular hoist and is transferred to the new owner when the equipment is
sold.

(3)  The employer shall ensure that the operator of a crane, derrick or
other hoist enters in the log book particulars of the following matters
(including the date and time when any work in relation to any such matter
was done):

     (a)  inspections, examinations, checks and tests, including those
specified in the manufacturer's specifications;

     (b)  defects or deficiencies;

     (c)  repairs;

     (d)  sizes and types of wire ropes in use, including rigging
information;

     (e)  hours of service;

     (f)  any matter or incident that may affect the safe operation of
the crane, derrick or hoist;

     (g)  a record of a certification under section 122;

     (h)  any other operational information that has been specifically
identified by the employer;

     (i)  in the case of a tower crane, whether the weight testing device
was lifted for that working day before the lifting of materials commenced.

(4)  The operator shall sign each entry made by him in the log book.

(5)  The employer shall have one of his senior representatives on the work
site initial the record of entries in the log book for a tower crane every
day that the crane is in operation.

(6)  The operator shall familiarize himself with all recent entries in the
log book before commencing the operation of his machinery.
     AR 448/83 s123


     Tower Cranes

124   An employer shall ensure that

     (a)  there is conspicuously and permanently affixed to the cab of a
tower crane a capacity chart showing separately the manufacturer's rated
capacity loads at various radii of a two-part and a four-part line;

     (b)  a tower crane is equipped with

               (i)  an overload device consisting of a hoist overload
switch that automatically restricts the weight of the load,

               (ii) a travel limit device consisting of a moment
overload switch that automatically restricts the radius within which the
load can travel,

               (iii)     a height limit switch that automatically prevents
the load from being overwound, and

               (iv) trolley travel limit devices consisting of a
trolley in limit switch and a trolley out limit switch that automatically
prevent the trolley from running into the ends of its track;

     (c)  the devices referred to in clause (b)

               (i)  are adjusted and set in accordance with the
manufacturer's specifications, and

               (ii) have their limit switches sealed;

     (d)  a means of communication between operators exists where 2 or
more tower cranes have overlapping operating radii;

     (e)  the major structural, mechanical and electrical components of a
tower crane are not interchanged between different tower cranes unless

               (i)  they are components of identical models or the same
make, or

               (ii) the components to be interchanged have been
certified by

                         (A)  a professional engineer, or

                         (B)  the manufacturer of the cranes

          as suitable for their intended application;

     (f)  where weights are used as a weight testing device on a tower
crane,

               (i)  the true weight is determined and legibly recorded
on the weight, and

               (ii) when not in use, the weights are rested on supports
in such a manner as to prevent the weights from freezing to the ground or
the creation of a vacuum;

     (g)  the lifting attachment on a test weight is of mild steel and of
sufficient size and strength to support the weight;

     (h)  where an operator's cab is attached to the boom of a tower
crane, the design of the cab, its position and method of attachment and any
structural changes, including changes to the counterweight, capacity and
operation of the crane, are in accordance with the manufacturer's
specifications or the specifications of a professional engineer;

     (i)  the operation of a tower crane is suspended

               (i)  when the wind velocity at the elevation of the
crane exceeds the limit recommended by the manufacturer for the safe
operation of the crane or, in the absence of such a recommendation, the
limit specified by a professional  engineer, or

               (ii) when the temperature is below that specified by the
manufacturer for the safe operation of the crane or, in the absence of a
manufacturer's specification, below the temperature specified by a
professional engineer;

     (j)  complete tests to detect internal, surface and latent defects
or flaws in all the structural and rigging components of a tower crane,
using procedures that do not damage or destroy the components, are carried
out before the tower crane is placed in service for the first time in
Alberta, and at the beginning of each project, under the direction of a
professional engineer;

     (k)  where a tower crane is in operation on a project for more than
1 year, its structural components are examined after each period of

               (i)  2000 operating hours, or

               (ii) 1 year

          whichever occurs earlier, under the direction of a professional
engineer;

     (l)  a written report of certification on a test or examination
referred to in clause (j) or (k), clearly identifying the crane and its
specific components to which the information relates, is provided by the
professional engineer;

     (m)  any other test or any inspection or repair is carried out by a
competent worker.
     AR 448/83 s124


125(1)  The operator of a tower crane shall

     (a)  ensure the safe movement of the crane and its load,

     (b)  inspect the crane at the commencement of each work shift to
ensure that the mast remains plumb, and

     (c)  test at least once on each day that the equipment referred to
in section 124(b) is operational.

(2)  Where 2 or more tower cranes are erected in such a manner that the
radii of operations overlap, the operators of the cranes shall

     (a)  ensure that collisions between the cranes and their loads are
prevented, and

     (b)  maintain communication with each other during operations.

(3)  The operator of a tower crane shall ensure that the exposure of
workers to suspended loads is kept to a minimum when workers are working
beneath or within the operating radius of the tower crane while it is in
operation.
     AR 448/83 s125


     Materials Hoists

126(1)  In this section and section 127, "materials hoist" means a hoist
designed for raising and lowering equipment or materials only.

(2)  An employer shall ensure, in relation to a materials hoist, that

     (a)  no workers ride on the hoist;

     (b)  the hoist is equipped at each floor and roof level with devices
that will prevent

               (i)  the movement of the hoist platform when a landing
gate is open, and

               (ii) a landing gate being opened unless the hoist
platform is positioned at that landing;

     (c)  where the controls are not remote from the hoist, overhead
protection is provided for the operator;

     (d)  the braking system is capable of stopping and holding the total
suspended load in a safe manner under all operating conditions;

     (e)  the area around the base of the hoist is fenced or otherwise
barricaded to prevent the entry into that area of workers, except when the
hoist platform is at the base level;

     (f)  a removable guardrail or gate is installed not less than 600
nor more than 900 millimetres from the edge of a landing served by a
materials hoist.

(3)  A worker shall not ride on a materials hoist.
     AR 448/83 s126


127(1)  A materials hoist operator shall not

     (a)  leave his controls while the skip, platform or load is in the
raised position, or

     (b)  move a hoist platform, cage or skip until he is informed by
signal that it is safe to move it.

(2)  An employer shall ensure that

     (a)  the operator of a materials hoist and a designated signaller at
the landing at which loading or unloading is being carried on maintain
visual or audible communication with each other at all times during the
loading or unloading,

     (b)  signals used to control the movement of a materials hoist are
posted at each landing and at the operator's station,

     (c)  where an electrical or mechanical signal system has been
installed to coordinate the movement of a materials hoist platform, cage or
skip, the system is so arranged that the hoist operator knows from which
floor a signal originates, and

     (d)  a materials hoist erected at a building over 20 metres in
height has a signal system installed at each landing and at the operator's
station that is designed to

               (i)  allow voice communication between a worker at any
landing and the operator, and

               (ii) inform the operator from which landing a signal
originates.
     AR 448/83 s127


     Cantilever Hoists

128   An employer shall ensure, in relation to a cantilever hoist, that

     (a)  the hoist is designed, constructed, installed, tested and
maintained in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications or, in the
absence of manufacturer's specifications, specifications certified by a
professional engineer;

     (b)  the hoist is anchored to the building or structure at intervals
which meet the manufacturer's or professional engineer's specifications;

     (c)  the manufacturer's rated capacity load, or the equivalent 
certified by the professional engineer, is clearly and legibly marked on
the platform;

     (d)  the hoist foundation is solid, level and of adequate size and
strength to support the weight of the hoist and its loads under all working
conditions;

     (e)  a load does not project beyond the edges of the materials
landing platform or skip of the hoist.
     AR 448/83 s128


     Tower and Building Shaft Hoists

129(1)  In this section, "tower hoist" means a hoist

     (a)  of which a tower is an integral part or a supporting structure,

     (b)  which travels between fixed guides, and

     (c)  which is used for raising or lowering materials or equipment.

(2)  An employer shall ensure that

     (a)  a tower hoist is enclosed at ground level with solid walls or
equally effective fencing to a height of not less than 2 metres on all
sides except the loading side;

     (b)  a hoist shaft inside a building is enclosed at ground level and
at each subsequent floor level with solid walls or equally effective
fencing to a height of not less than 2 metres on all sides except on the
landing side;

     (c)  a landing gate inside a building will not open unless the hoist
platform is positioned at that landing;

     (d)  the landing side of the hoist shaft inside a building is
equipped with an access door complete with a lock and an "OPEN SHAFT" sign
attached to the enclosure;

     (e)  a tower or building shaft hoist is braced or guyed or supported
in the shaft at vertical intervals not exceeding 6 metres or at such
intervals as is specified by the manufacturer's specifications;

     (f)  a boom is not installed on a tower hoist unless its design is
certified by a professional engineer to the effect that the tower structure
can withstand the additional loading;

     (g)  the bottom pulley block or sheave is securely anchored and the
pulley and hoisting ropes to the hoisting engine are enclosed to prevent
contact by workers and to contain a broken rope.
     AR 448/83 s129


     Chimney Hoists

130(1)  In this section, "chimney hoist" means a hoist used to lift
workers, materials or equipment during the construction of a chimney.

(2)  An employer shall ensure, in relation to a chimney hoist used to raise
or lower workers, that

     (a)  the hoist is equipped with positive drives;

     (b)  there is no clutch between the transmission and the hoisting
drums;

     (c)  if it is a hoist capable of operating at speeds in excess of
0.6 metres per second, it is equipped with a speed indicating device;

     (d)  the hoist is equipped with independent braking systems, each
capable of stopping 150% of the manufacturer's rated capacity load, at the
manufacturer's rated capacity maximum speed;

     (e)  a roller or ball-bearing swivel is installed between the bucket
and the rope on the hoist;

     (f)  the hoist is equipped with a communications system that informs
the operator when the hoist is to be used to raise or lower workers;

     (g)  a separate safety line is attached between the bucket or man
cage yoke and the hoist rope above the ball or hook.

(3)  The operator of a chimney hoist shall

     (a)  not raise or lower a worker at a speed greater than 0.6 metres
per second;

     (b)  not use the brake alone to control the speed of the chimney
hoist when a worker is being lowered;

     (c)  not raise or lower more than 2 workers at one time;

     (d)  not raise or lower any materials or equipment while a worker is
being raised or lowered;

     (e)  use safety latch hooks or shackles with safety pins to prevent
dislodgement when raising or lowering workers.

(4)  When a worker is being raised or lowered on a chimney hoist, he shall
stand in the bucket or man cage and shall wear a safety belt and life-line
attached to the bucket or man cage.
     AR 448/83 s130


     Underground Shaft Hoists

131(1)  In this section,

     (a)  "cage" means a hoist cage on a tunnel and shaft hoist;

     (b)  "underground shaft hoist" means a hoist used in an underground
shaft to gain access to and egress from a tunnel or an underground space.

(2)  An employer shall ensure, in relation to an underground shaft hoist,
that

     (a)  all the supporting parts of the hoist machinery are set on and
secured to a substantial foundation;

     (b)  the hoist is equipped with positive drives for raising and
lowering the cage;

     (c)  there is no clutch between the drums and the transmission;

     (d)  a hoist drum is equipped with a spring-actuated drum friction
brake capable of stopping and holding the total suspended load in a safe
manner under all operating conditions;

     (e)  a drum has a positive spring-actuated pawl or other effective
device to lock the drum;

     (f)  a communication system is maintained at all times between the
hoist operator and workers at a landing in the shaft leading to a tunnel or
an underground space;

     (g)  where the communication system is operated by buttons or
switches, the buttons or switches are installed and available for use at
every landing in the shaft, on the hoist platform and at the operator's
controls;

     (h)  the code used in the communication system is prominently posted
at all landings and at the operator's controls;

     (i)  a means of communication is installed and maintained at all
times in a tunnel or shaft for use in case of emergency between workers at
the face of the tunnelling operations and the operator.

(3)  The operator of an underground shaft hoist shall

     (a)  ensure that the brake remains on at all times unless released
by manual operation,

     (b)  hold the hoist drum brake in the "OFF" position and not lock it
out when raising or lowering the cage, and

     (c)  when workers are being raised or lowered in the cage, not allow
the speed of travel to exceed 1.2 metres per second.

(4)  An employer shall ensure that

     (a)  a cage platform is equipped with a car locking device;

     (b)  an open hook is not used to attach the cage to the hoist rope;

     (c)  the shaft on which an underground shaft hoist is installed is
equipped with guide rails;

     (d)  a capacity plate stating the maximum number of workers and the
maximum load for which the cage is designed is affixed to the cage and is
clearly visible.

(5)  Notwithstanding subsections (1) to (4), in an underground shaft, the
employer may use an unguided suspended cage whose movement is controlled by
a crane, if

     (a)  all sides and the top of the cage are enclosed by a screen of
sufficient strength to protect any workers being transported in it,

     (b)  a designated signaller on the surface maintains constant
effective communication between the cage and the crane operator, and

     (c)  in the case of an underground shaft greater than 30 metres in
depth, the cage is designed and cert